by Jing Guan 作者：静观
（Photo of the Former Site of Yang Guan 阳关故址照片）
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Yang Guan used to be an important western border pass of Tang dynasty.
《阳关三叠》，古曲。又名《渭城曲》，《阳关曲》。该曲取材于唐王维《送元二使安西》。
"Yang Guan San Die"(means "Three Iterations of Yang Guan"). Which is an ancient Chinese Qin melody, also known as "Wei Cheng Qu"(Wei Cheng Melody) and "Yang Guan Qu,"(Yang Guan Melody) is based on the poem "Song Yuan Er Shi An Xi" (Farewell to Yuan Er for his trip to An Xi) by the Tang Dynasty poet Wang Wei.
（picture of Wang Wei sending off Yuan Er 王维送别元二图）
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原诗《送元二使安西》赏析：
The original poem "Song Yuan Er Shi Anxi" can be appreciated as follows:
渭城朝雨浥轻尘， In the morning rain at Wei Cheng, the light dust is moistened,
客舍青青柳色新。 In the guesthouse, the fresh green willows are vibrant.
劝君更进一杯酒， I urge you to have another cup of wine,
西出阳关无故人。As you head west beyond Yang Guan, there will be no old friends.
作品背景：王维身处唐王朝与西域边境少数民族冲突加剧的历史时期。“安史之乱”爆发后，边兵大量内调，此诗约作于王维送友人“元二”即将奔赴安西之时。古代交通不便，通讯迟缓，诗人与友人分别后将相距数千里，元二奔赴战场，王维垂垂老矣，不知此次分别之后是否还能得见，只得将对好友的感情写入诗中。（据载，王维于送走元二不满六年后便与世长辞，不知其是否于有生之年再次与友人重逢。）
Background of the Poem: Wang Wei lived during a historical period in the Tang Dynasty when there were increasing conflicts with minority ethnic groups on the border of the Western Regions. The "An Lushan Rebellion" erupted, leading to a large-scale mobilization of troops from the border regions. This poem is believed to have been composed when Wang Wei was bidding farewell to his friend "Yuan Er," who was about to leave for the An Xi region. In ancient times, communication was difficult, and after parting ways, friends could be separated by thousands of miles. Yuan Er was heading to the battlefield and Wang Wei was growing old. He wasn't sure if he would ever see his friend again, so he had to put his feelings for his dear friend into poetry. (According to records, Wang Wei passed away less than six years after bidding farewell to Yuan Er, and it's unknown if they ever reunited during his lifetime.)
(c.742 CE) Tang Dynasty territory and inspection circuits. (公元742年) 唐代领土和巡视区域。
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该诗于唐代被编写为琴歌，总三段，每段除原诗四句外又增加其他唱词。诗中“西出阳关无故人”一句全曲反复吟唱三次，故名《阳关三叠》。
The melody "Yang Guan San Die" was composed during the Tang Dynasty and consists of three sections, each of which includes the original four lines of the poem along with additional lyrics. The line "西出阳关无故人" (As you head west beyond Yangguan, there will be no old friends) is repeated three times in the melody, hence the name "Yang Guan San Die," which translates to "Three Iterations of Yang Guan."
《阳关三叠》唱词在古书记载中有不同版本，参考如下：
Here are different versions of the lyrics for "Yangguan San Die" from various historical sources:
（picture of Yangchun Baixue 《阳春白雪集》图）
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元《阳春白雪集》：
渭城朝雨，一霎浥轻尘。更洒遍客舍青青，弄柔凝，千缕柳色新。更洒遍客舍青青，千缕柳色新。休烦恼！劝君更尽一杯酒，人生会少，自古功名富贵有定分，莫遣容仪瘦损。休烦恼！劝君更尽一杯酒，只恐怕西出阳关，旧游如梦，眼前无故人！只恐怕西出阳关，眼前无故人。
Yuan Dynasty, "Yangchun Baixue Ji"（The Collection of White Snow in the Early Sparing）:
In the morning rain at Weicheng, a brief shower moistens the light dust, The guesthouse is adorned with fresh green willows, making the scenery anew. I urge you not to worry anymore! Have another cup of wine. In life, wealth and fame are predestined; Do not let your appearance wither in vain. I urge you not to worry anymore! Have another cup of wine. I'm only afraid that as you head west beyond Yangguan, The old memories will seem like a dream, and there will be no old friends. I'm only afraid that as you head west beyond Yangguan, There will be no old friends.
（picture of Qin Xue Ru Men 《琴学入门》图）
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清《琴学入门》：
清和节当春。渭城朝雨浥轻尘，客舍青青柳色新。劝君更进一杯酒，西出阳关无故人。霜夜与霜晨。遄行，遄行，长途越渡关津，惆怅役此身。历苦辛，历苦辛，历历苦辛，宜自珍，宜自珍。
渭城朝雨浥轻尘，客舍青青柳色新。劝君更进一杯酒，西出阳关无故人。依依顾恋不忍离，泪滴沾巾，无复相辅仁。感怀，感怀，思君十二时辰。参商各一垠，谁相因，谁相因，谁可相因，日驰神，日驰神。
渭城朝雨浥轻尘，客舍青青柳色新。劝君更进一杯酒，西出阳关无故人！芳草遍如茵。旨酒，旨酒，未饮心已先醇。载驰骃，载驰骃，何日言旋轩辚，能酌几多巡！千巡有尽，寸衷难泯，无穷伤感。楚天湘水隔远滨，期早托鸿鳞。尺素申，尺素申，尺素频申，如相亲，如相亲。
噫！从今一别，两地相思入梦频，闻雁来宾。
Qing Dynasty, "Qin Xue Ru Men "（Beginner's guide to Qin）:
"In Wei City, morning rain bathes the light dust,
The guesthouse, with its fresh green willow shades anew.
I urge you to have another glass of wine,
Heading west beyond the Yang Pass, there are no familiar faces.
Through frosty nights and frosty mornings,
Hastening onward, hastening onward,
Over long distances, crossing through passes and barriers,
I regret the toil of your body.
Enduring hardship, enduring hardship,
Enduring endless hardships, you should cherish yourself,
You should cherish yourself.
In Wei City, morning rain bathes the light dust,
The guesthouse, with its fresh green willow shades anew.
I urge you to have another glass of wine,
Heading west beyond the Yang Pass, there are no familiar faces.
Lingering with reluctance, unable to part,
Tears fall and wet the handkerchief,
No longer having a kindred spirit.
Feeling deep emotions, feeling deep emotions,
Thinking of you every moment of the twenty-four-hour day.
Two stars each in their own realm,
Who can accompany whom, who can accompany whom,
Who can truly accompany whom, as the day rushes on.
My spirit races to you, my spirit races to you.
In Wei City, morning rain bathes the light dust,
The guesthouse, with its fresh green willow shades anew.
I urge you to have another glass of wine,
Heading west beyond the Yang Pass, there are no familiar faces!
Lush greenery spreads like a carpet.
Fine wine, fine wine,
Before tasting, the heart is already mellow.
Traveling on a galloping steed, traveling on a galloping steed,
When will we talk again about the revolving carriage wheel,
How many rounds of wine can you pour?
A thousand rounds are not enough,
Our innermost thoughts are hard to erase, and the boundless sorrow lingers.
The Chu lands and the Xiang River are separated by distant shores,
Hoping to soon entrust my feelings to a swan's feather.
Send me letters, send me letters, send me letters frequently.
We are as families; we are as families.
Alas! From now on, we part ways,
Separated by distance, our mutual longing enters our dreams frequently,
Waiting to hear the carrier geese arrive."
（picture of Qin Xue Ru Men 《琴学入门》图）
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明杨抡《真传正宗琴谱》古琴谱中歌词原文：
第壹段 对景增悲
长亭柳依依，渭城朝雨浥轻麈，客舍青青柳色新。劝君更尽一杯酒，西出阳关无故人。长亭柳依依，伤怀伤怀，祖道送我故人，相别十里亭。情最深，情最深，情意最深，不忍分，不忍分。
第贰段 擎樽话别
渭城朝雨浥轻尘，客舍青青柳色新。劝君更尽一杯酒，西出阳关无故人。担头行李，沙头酒樽，携酒在长亭。咫尺千里，未飮心已先醉，此恨有谁知。哀可怜，哀可怜，哀哀可怜，不忍离，不忍离。
第叁段 祖道难分
渭城朝雨浥轻尘，客舍青青柳色新。劝君更尽一杯酒，西出阳关无故人。堪嗟商与参，怨寄丝桐，对景那禁伤情。聁征旌，聁征旌，未审何日归程。对酌此香醪，香醪有限，此恨无穷无穷。伤怀，楚天湘水隔渊星，早早托鳞鸿。情最慇，情最慇，情意最慇，奚忍分，奚忍分。
尾
从今别后，两地相思万种，有谁吿陈。
Ming Dynasty, "Zhen Chuan Zheng Zong Qin Pu"(authentic and traditional qin score):
Verse 1: A Grief-Enhancing View
The willows at the long pavilion gently lean,
In Wei City, morning rain bathes the light dust,
The guesthouse, with its fresh green willow shades anew.
I urge you to have another glass of wine,
Heading west beyond the Yang Pass, there are no familiar faces.
The willows at the long pavilion gently lean,
Heartaches, heartaches, on the ancestral road sent you off.
Parting at the Six-mile Pavilion, emotions run deep, so deep,
Feelings are deepest, I cannot bear to part, cannot bear to part.
Verse 2: Raising the Goblet in Farewell
In Wei City, morning rain bathes the light dust,
The guesthouse, with its fresh green willow shades anew.
I urge you to have another glass of wine,
Heading west beyond the Yang Pass, there are no familiar faces.
Carrying baggage, a wine flask at the sandy shore,
Bringing wine along to the long pavilion.
A thousand miles in a foot, yet my heart is already intoxicated,
Who could understand this sorrow?
Alas, so pitiful, so pitiful,
So very pitiful, I cannot bear to leave, cannot bear to leave.
Verse 3: The Difficulty of Separation on the Ancestral Road
In Wei City, morning rain bathes the light dust,
The guesthouse, with its fresh green willow shades anew.
I urge you to have another glass of wine,
Heading west beyond the Yang Pass, there are no familiar faces.
Pity those who are like Shang and Shen,
Sending their grievance on silk and Tong wood,
But how could they resist the pain in this scenery?
Grieve for the advancing banners,
Grieve for the advancing banners,
Without knowing when you will return.
Drinking this fragrant wine,
The fragrant wine is limited, this sorrow is boundless.
A heartache, we separated like Chu lands and Xiang River and distant stars,
Hoping to soon entrust my feelings to a swan's feather.
Deepest of feelings, deepest of feelings,
Feelings are the deepest, how can I bear to part, how can I bear to part.
End:
From now on, after this parting,
Two places, a myriad of longings, who will share these sentiments?
Master Wu Yin plays Yang Guan San Die
无音老师抚《阳关三叠》
References:
内容参考：
Translated by ChatGPT 3.5
翻译：ChatGpt
Editing & Proofreading: Jing Guan
编辑&校对：静观
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